simulation shrinkage and stress generated during convective drying of carrot slices

the moist sample shrinks during drying and the non-uniformity shrinkage involves stresses in the body. the aim of the present work is simulating deformations and drying-induced stresses of carrot slice during a convective drying. the effect of shrinkage on the heat and mass transfer profiles were considered. non-constant physical and thermal properties were also incorporated in the model and the experimental conditions were as follows: a drying temperature of 333 k, relative humidity of 11% and air velocity of 1.2 m/s